Warmer temperatures cause sea turtles to be born female

SYDNEY – Reuters

Rising temperatures at Australia's Great Barrier Reef are causing more green turtles to be born female, which could lead to the species dying out, a new scientific study has found.

As the gender of green turtles is determined by temperature, the hotter weather caused by climate change induces warmer incubations of eggs, and that has led to a greater number of female hatchlings.

The study published last week revealed that more than 99 percent of the juvenile and sub adult population on the northern part of the reef are female, and 69 percent are female on the southern reef. The two populations are genetically distinct.

"We're now seeing on those northern beaches virtually no males being born," said WWF-Australia Chief Executive Dermot O'Gorman.  "That really rings alarm bells for the long-term survival of those northern green turtle population."

The study was carried out by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, California State University, and Worldwide Fund for Nature (WWF) Australia.

O'Gorman said urgent measures were needed to tackle climate change.

The Queensland Department of Environment and Heritage Protection have been testing various measures to lower the temperature of the sand, where the turtles lay their eggs.

Options include providing shade or inducing artificial rain to cool the beach, said chief scientist Colin Limpus.

"Protecting some of the big breeding males from threats like nets and bycatch is going to be really important going on into the future as well," said O'Gorman.

The Great Barrier Reef, covering 348,000 square km, was listed as a World Heritage site in 1981 as the most extensive and spectacular coral reef ecosystem on the planet.