US top court signals it could nix law defining marriage strictly between men and women

WASHINGTON - Agence France-Presse

An engaged couple share a kiss as they protest against the Defense of Marriage Act in front of the U.S. Supreme Court in Washington, March 27. For the second day running, the Supreme Court on Wednesday will confront the issue of gay marriage, hearing arguments on a U.S. law that denies federal benefits to legally married same-sex couples. REUTERS photo

The Supreme Court signalled March 27 it could throw out a US law that defines marriage as strictly between a man and a woman, in a second day of hearings on the thorny issue of same-sex marriage.

For nearly two hours, the nine justices who make up the nation's highest court grilled lawyers on the constitutionality of the Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA) - with five of them appearing to lean in favor of striking it down.

The controversial 1996 law denies married gay and lesbian couples the same federal rights and benefits that heterosexual couples take for granted, from tax breaks and welfare benefits to access to a hospitalized spouse.

The plaintiff is Edith Windsor, 83, who was ordered to pay federal inheritance taxes of $363,000 following the 2009 death of Thea Spyer, her partner of more than 40 years. The couple had married in Canada in 2007.

Under DOMA, the surviving half of a heterosexual couple would not have faced the same tax burden.

In an exchange with lawyers arguing the two sides of the case, Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg suggested DOMA represented, in her view, two kinds of wedlock -- "full marriage and skim milk marriage." Her colleague Elena Kagan went further, saying that DOMA was "infected by animus, fear and dislike." Justice Anthony Kennedy, a conservative whose swing vote on gay rights could decide the outcome, said he was "troubled" by how the DOMA case would impact the rights of each of the 50 states to set out their own marriage laws.

Outside the court, hundreds of marriage equality supporters chanted "Edie! Edie!" as Windsor exited the stately building with her legal team and told assembled reporters: "I think it was great. I think it went beautifully." "I thought the justices were gentle. They were direct. They asked the right questions," said the retiree, who wore a circular diamond brooch -- a de facto engagement token from Spyer from early in their relationship -- on her lapel.

"The justices asked all the questions we expected them to ask," added Windsor's lawyer Roberta Kaplan, who declined to speculate on how the court would rule in the coming months.

President Barack Obama's administration initially opposed Windsor's bid to repeal DOMA as it progressed through the lower courts, where the law has already twice been ruled unconstitutional.

But the White House has since switched sides. Now it is calling for the law to be overturned, leaving DOMA to be defended by a group of Republican lawmakers, along with a coalition of religious and conservative groups.

Opponents of Windsor's stance include Republican lawmakers and Christian groups. One of their lawyers, Paul Clement, argued DOMA was constitutional in that it applied only to laws on the federal level.

On March 26, the court trod cautiously as it weighed the constitutionality of California's Proposition 8, a 2008 ballot initiative that saw a majority of voters in the nation's most populous state ban same-sex marriage.

While it will take several months for them to issue a ruling, several Supreme Court justices indicated March 26 they would be in no hurry to make a verdict that could extend the right to same-sex marriage to the entire country.

Forty-one states currently ban or limit such marriages. Successive public opinion polls have indicated that a majority of Americans now accept the principle of same-sex marriage, including an overwhelming number of younger citizens.

In May last year, Obama became the first serving US president to publicly back gay marriage.