Iran's Rouhani claims victory over unrest

DUBAI-Reuters

Iranian President Hassan Rouhani declared on Nov. 20 that street unrest had been put down in a victory over foreign enemies, after a wave of violent demonstrations swept the country following a hike in fuel prices last week.   

Amnesty International said it had documented at least 106 deaths of protesters killed by security forces, which would make it the worst street unrest in Iran in at least a decade and possibly since the 1979 Islamic Revolution.   

The internet has been shut down in Iran for days, making it difficult to obtain reliable reports of the extent of the unrest. But it appears to be the worst violence at least since Iran put down a "Green Revolution" in 2009, when dozens were killed over several months.   

Although the authorities said the streets were now quiet, social media videos showed what appeared to be continuing scenes of violence on Nov. 20, a fifth day of unrest.   

It comes at a time when Iran's economy has been crippled by U.S. sanctions that have nearly halted its exports of oil, and when governments in Lebanon and Iraq that include Iran-backed factions have also faced increasingly violent demonstrations.   

"The Iranian people have again succeeded in a historic test and shown they will not let enemies benefit from the situation, even though they might have complaints about the country's management," Rouhani said, state TV reported.    

Iran's top authority, Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, said on Nov. 19 the protests had been a security matter, not a popular movement, and had been dealt with successfully.    

Live footage on state television showed thousands joining pro-government demonstrations on Nov. 20, with rallies in several cities and towns, in which people chanted "Death to America" and "Death to Israel".    

At least 100 banks and dozens of buildings and cars have been torched, Iranian officials said, adding that about 1,000 protesters had been arrested.

Quoting security sources, Iran's semi-official Fars news agency said several Iranian dual nationals were also arrested.   

Tehran has blamed "thugs" linked to exiles and foreign foes - the United States, Israel and Saudi Arabia - for the unrest.       

"The detained German, Turkish and Afghan dual nationals had been trained and funded by foreign intelligence services to ... stir up civil disobedience in Iran ... they had equipment to be used for sabotage," Fars reported, without elaborating.   

Government spokesman Ali Rabiei said a plot to bomb Iran's major gas production installations in Assalouyeh on the Gulf had been thwarted, blaming it on "rioters", Iranian media reported.    

Iranian authorities said several people, including members of the security forces and police, had been killed. A local official said on Nov. 20 "one of the leaders of the riots in Kermanshah Province was killed" by security forces.    

Amnesty International said it derived its death toll of at least 106 protesters killed in 21 cities from witness reports, verified videos and information from human rights activists.    

It said the authorities were taking dead bodies from the streets and refusing to return them or forcing families to bury them in haste.    Iran's U.N. mission on Nov. 20 dismissed the casualty reports as "speculative, not reliable" unless confirmed by the Tehran government.   

"The baseless allegations and fabricated figures by biased Western entities do not shake government's determination in making prudent economic decisions," mission spokesman Alireza Miryousefi tweeted.   

The struggle of ordinary Iranians to make ends meet has become harder since last year when U.S. President Donald Trump withdrew the United States from Tehran's nuclear deal with world powers and reimposed sanctions on the country.    

Combined with the rising inflation, growing unemployment, a slump in the rial and state corruption, Washington's "maximum pressure" has caused Iran's economy to deteriorate.      

The government said the gasoline price rises of as much as 50% aim to raise around $2.55 billion a year for extra subsidies to 18 million families struggling on low incomes. The monthly cash payments are set at just 550,000 rials ($4.44) per person.   

Separately, a number of environmentalists facing spying charges have been sentenced to between four and 10 years, judiciary spokesman Gholamhossein Esmaili said on Nov. 20 according to Mizan, the news site of the Iranian judiciary.   

The environmentalists have 20 days to appeal the sentence, Esmaili said, without providing any names.   

"While Iran is under lockdown on day 6 of #IranProtests, 5 out of 8 detained conservations were given prison sentences," the Center for Human Rights in Iran, a New York-based advocacy group, tweeted on Nov. 20, along with a picture of eight environmentalists working for the Persian Wildlife Heritage Foundation who were arrested in January 2018.   

The managing director of the foundation, Kavous Seyed-Emami, was also arrested in January 2018 and died in prison. Iran's judiciary said Seyed-Emami took his own life but his family called for an independent investigation of his death.   

Iran's judiciary said he had set up the NGO as a cover to collect classified information on Iran's missile program, a charge Seyed-Emami's family denies.